Pg.416 #4; Pg.421 #2

Pg.416 #4

A) What changes did the growth of cities bring to China?

- The changes that the growth of cities brought to China was the growth of popular culture in China. They began to specialize in the manufacture or production of certain goods. They increased the amount of land used for farming, and planted new crops such as peanuts, sweet potatoes, and tobacco. People began to read novels and plays in the common everyday language. Scholarship also flourished.

B) What attitudes might Chinese rulers have had toward foreigners during the period of the Ming and Qing dynasties?

- The attitude that these Chinese rulers may have had toward foreigners during the period of the Ming and Qing dynasties were probably not good. They were seriously focused on protecting China to the fullest and making sure no one ever conquered China again. They didn’t want any invaders in their country and therefore went ahead to strengthen the Great Wall of China.

Pg.421 #2

Opium War: Conflict from 1839 to 1842 between China and Britain that arose due to Britain’s export of opium to China.

Treaty of Nanjing: Treaty following the Opium War in which China gave Hong Kong to Britain and opened ports to British Trade.

Taiping Rebellion: Revolt in China from 1850 to 1864, led by Hong Xiuquan who, influenced by Christian teachings, declared a mission to establish a new dynasty.

Opium War